A major challenge in the formulation of biopharmaceuticals is to overcome their inherent instability. We are studying underlying mechanisms of degradation of biopharmaceuticals (especially therapeutic proteins and vaccines) in both liquid and dried formulations. We are using a wide variety of analytical techniques to support these studies, including separation (e.g., HPLC, asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation), spectroscopic (e.g., fluorescence, circular dichroism), light scattering (e.g., dynamic and static light scattering) and particle characterization (e.g., flow imaging microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, resonant mass measurement) techniques.