Single-Molecule Microscopy (SMM) techniques constitute a group of powerful imaging tools that enable researchers to study the dynamic behavior of individual molecules.

In this thesis we investigated the ability of two-photon multifocal microscopy for single-molecule microscopy in live cells and organisms.

De Microscopy Unit huisvest, onderhoudt en coördineert vrijwel alle microscopieapparatuur van het IBL. De beschikbare apparatuur varieert van conventionele licht- en fluorescentiemicroscopen tot confocale laser- en elektronenmicroscopen. Er is bovendien apparatuur beschikbaar voor histologie, met inbegrip…

Promotor: T. Schmidt

Early time-resolved experiments by Frauenfelder on the ensemble of the kinetic rebinding of CO to myoglobin molecules resulted in a stretched exponential relaxa-tion due to a very large spread of the reaction rates of individual molecules.

There are many interpretations of quantum mechanics, and ultimately experiments are needed to verify or falsify these interpretations.

Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen

Electron microscopy has become an extremely important techniquein a wide variety of elds.

Het doel van deze faciliteit is om het biomedisch onderzoek te versnellen door toegang te bieden tot geavanceerde licht- en elektronenmicroscopie en door het delen van expertise over monstervoorbereiding, beeldvormingsmodaliteiten, gegevensopslag en beeldanalyse.

This thesis described the development of novel scanning tunneling microscopy techniques to investigate strongly correlated electronic states in quantum matter.

In surface science there is great effort to move from studying simple, flat model surfaces in vacuum to investigating more complex model catalysts in gas environments (in situ). This thesis gives three examples of such studies using microscopy and spectroscopy.

In human cells, a meter-long DNA is condensed inside a micrometer-sized cell nucleus. Simultaneously, the genetic code must remain accessible for its replication and transcription to functional proteins.

In this thesis, we show how MRFM can usefully contribute to the field of condensed-matter.

In this thesis, we describe the latest advances in SQUID-detected Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (MRFM).

Promotor: Prof.dr. J.M. van Ruitenbeek, Prof.dr. R.M. Tromp

The dissertation describes TEM experiments on heterogeneous catalysts.

In this thesis we use Josephson and noise scanning tunneling microscopy for the study of conventional, unconventional (iron-based) and disordered superconductors. On the one hand, Josephson scanning tunneling microscopy allows us to directly visualize the superfluid density with high spatial resolut…

This thesis is a collection of experimental attempts to enhance photoluminescence of fluorescent molecules and quantum dots with single gold nanorods (GNRs) and relevant applications.

This thesis aims to improve the detection from ultra-weak single emitter by enhancing their emission properties with plasmonic nanostructures. We exploit the wet-chemically synthesized single crystalline gold nanorods (GNRs) as our basic frameworks in the whole studies, simply because of their unique…

Promotor: T.H. Oosterkamp

Promotores: Prof.dr. H.P. Spaink & Prof.dr. P.C.W. Hogendoorn Co-promotor: Dr. M.J.M. Schaaf

Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen

Promotores: Prof.dr. C.U. Keller, Prof.dr. H.C. Gerritsen

n this PhD thesis, the recombination of different atomic lattices in stacked 2D materials such as twisted bilayer graphene is studied. Using the different possibilities of Low-Energy Electron Microscopy (LEEM), the domain forming between the two atomic layers with small differences is studied.

Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen, Instituut Biologie Leiden (IBL)

Promotie

Promotor: B. van de Water

Promotor: B. van de Water

In this thesis the combinatorial use of bioorthogonal labelling and Electron Microscopy (EM)-based imaging techniques is explored to enable observations of specific molecular targets in their ultrastructural context within the cell.

From surface science towards industrial practice using high-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy.

Promotie

Promotor: Prof.dr. M.A.G.J. Orrit

Promotor: T. Schmidt, Co-promotor: S. J.T. van Noort

Materials with strongly correlated electrons show some of the most mysterious and exotic phases of quantum matter, such as unconventional superconductivity, quantum criticality and strange metal phase.

Single-molecule spectroscopy has become a powerful method for using organic fluorescent molecules in numerous applications.

In this thesis, bioorthogonal chemistry is combined with correlative light-electron microscopy to selectively label and study pathogenic intracellular bacteria within the host immune cell.

In this thesis, the focus lies on studying glucocorticoid receptor dynamics in living cells with the aim of understanding how this transcription factor finds its DNA target sites to regulate transcription.

Bacteria have the ability to alter their morphology in order to adapt to changing environments.

The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to develop new methods forchallenging systems in liquid-state NMR using paramagnetic effects generated by thetwo-armed probe CLaNP-5.

The research in this thesis is focused on tomographic reconstruction based on two imaging modalities in electron microscopy.

Promotor: Prof.dr. J.P. Abrahams, Prof.dr. M. van Heel

Bacterial chemosensory arrays are protein assemblies that are the key structural and functional component for motile bacteria to sense their internal or environmental chemical signals.

Promotor: Prof.dr. J.W.M. Frenken

This thesis focuses on using liposomes in two different treatment strategies; vaccination (or immunotherapy) and delivery of a small molecule, and in two different disease models; cancer and atherosclerosis.

De European Physical Society heeft de prestigieuze Edison Volta Prize toegekend aan Leids natuurkundige Michel Orrit. De prijs wordt elke twee jaar uitgereikt aan een individu of groep van maximaal 3 wetenschappers ter erkenning van een buitengewone prestatie in natuurkundig onderzoek.

There is an urgent need for more physiologically relevant cell culture methods to guide compound selection in pre-clinical stages of the drug development pipeline.

Promotor: Jaap Brouwer, Co-promotor: Remus Th. Dame

Onderzoeksgroepen in het Quantum Matter & Optics onderzoeksprogramma onderzoeken elektronische eigenschappen van interacties van materie en lichtmaterie, met de nadruk op quantuminformatie.

This thesis describes a study from both a theoreticaL and an experimental point of view.