The work presented in this thesis is based on ALMA surveys of protoplanetary disks in three star-forming regions: Lupus, OMC-2, and NGC 2024.

Promotor: K. Kuijken, Co-Promotor: H. Hoekstra

My work focuses on a class of astronomical objects called protoplanetary disks.

This thesis presents pioneering work on the panchromatic emission of some of the most luminous galaxies in the early Universe: star forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei.

This thesis examines the link between simple molecules and the underlying structure and chemistry within protoplanetary disks - the birthplaces of planets.

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Hot astrophysical plasma is ubiquitous in the Universe, from comets in our Solar system to the largest scale structures -- the cosmic web filaments. These hot plasmas, with the temperature of a few millions of degrees, are often observed in the X-ray wavelength range.

NWO heeft vier TOP subsidies toegekend voor Leidse astronomen en één voor een Leidse wiskundige, landelijk zijn er 19 subsidies toekend aan exacte wetenschappers. De onderzoeken van prof. Xander Tielens met prof. Huub Rottgering, dr. Michiel Hogerheijde en dr. Jelle Kaastra zijn gehonoreerd met een…

Negentien Leidse recent gepromoveerde onderzoekers kregen deze herfst een Veni-subsidie van NWO toegekend, zeven daarvan zijn voor onze faculteit. Elke onderzoeker krijgt 250.000 euro voor drie jaar onderzoek. Landelijk werden161 projecten gehonoreerd.

It has now been well established that shocks and turbulent motions in the intra-cluster medium (ICM) generated through cluster mergers can produce large-scale synchrotron emission.

At the largest scales, two ingredients dictate the distribution of matter in the Universe. The first is dark matter, acting as an invisible scaffolding held together by gravitational forces.

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Promotor: Prof.dr. C.U. Keller

Supervisor: S.F. Portegies Zwart Co-Supervisor: A.G.A. Brown

This thesis takes steps toward understanding the interaction between gas-phase and solid-state molecules in star- and planet-forming regions.

Promotor: Prof.dr. H.V.J. Linnartz, Co-Promotores: S. Ioppolo, H.M. Cuppen

This thesis focuses on protoplanetary disks: flattened structures of gas and dust around young stars in which planets are expected to form and grow.

Organic molecules in interstellar space are important as they influence the structure of galaxies and star formations. Studying catalytic processes in space allows us to understand how molecular species are formed and chemically evolved in the interstellar medium and solar system objects.

Promotor: H.J.A. Röttgering, Co-promotor: G.K. Miley

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The thesis explores how interstellar chemistry evolves as a function of time and changing physical architectures during the formation of stars.

Even though more than 4000 extra-solar planets are known today, only a small fraction of these has been captured in an image. To better understand the planet formation mechanisms in solar-like environments we started the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey (YSES).

Promotor: H.J.A. Röttgering, Co-promotor: M. Haverkorn

A century ago, it was unclear whether the stars in the sky were clustered in groups, or widely spread in the universe.

In this thesis, we aimed to better understand the underlying mechanisms involved in TNBC progression and metastasis formation and discover new targets to reduce breast cancer related deaths.

Promotor: Johan Kuiper, Co-promotor: Saskia C.A. de Jager

This thesis is an experimental study of the UV irradiation of the interstellar ice analogues, relevant for the different stages of the star and planet formation sequence.

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My PhD thesis investigates the ecological significance of resistance against drought-induced air bubble formation inside the water conduits of plants (embolism), and the plasticity and functional aspects of stem anatomical traits in woody and herbaceous species.

In this thesis, we used genetically engineered mouse models to identify genes and pathways that are involved in ILC formation and in the development of resistance to FGFR-targeted therapy.

For centuries astronomers studied the Universe by collecting light. Nowadays, we are living in times of great technological advancements, which allow us to explore our Universe in a new way - though gravitational wave radiation.

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Laboratory, observation and modeling work on the dissociation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in interstellar environments and the formation of new molecular species through the fragmentation process.

One of the effects of climate change is the phenomenon of desertification, a process that occurs in semi-arid and arid areas and causes land degradation as well as vegetation loss. Due to the lack of resources, vegetation self-organizes to sustain itself by forming large-scale spatial patterns.

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When a star gets too close to a supermassive black hole, it is torn apart by strong tidal forces in a tidal disruption event (TDE).

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide.

The applications of studying the early development of insects range from agriculture to material science.

Promotores: Prof.dr. J. Kuiper, Prof.dr. P.H.A. Quax, Co-promotor: I. Bot

This thesis is largely an experimental study on the formation of solid-state simple and complex organic molecules in the H2O-rich and CO-rich ice phases of dense interstellar clouds and dark cores.

Almost all bacteria are enveloped by a cell wall that provides cellular protection.

This dissertation is an experimental study of laser-generated, atmospheric pressure, transient toroidal helium plasmas.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of breast cancer.

Understanding the formation and evolution of planetary systems is one of the most fundamental challenges in astronomy. To directly image and study young exoplanets and the circumstellar disks they form from, dedicated high-contrast imaging instruments are built.

This work describes several studies into the electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR), both regarding mechanistical aspects and catalyst stability considerations. Mechanistic insights into carbon-carbon bond formation on a silver catalyst are described in Ch 2, were we find an acetaldehyde-like surface…

Astronomen willen het heelal begrijpen, van de Oerknal tot nu, en hoe dit verder zal gaan. In Leiden concentreren ze zich daarbij op twee vragen: 'Hoe ontstaan sterren en planeten? en 'Hoe ontstonden in het jonge heelal sterrenstelsels en zwarte gaten?' Een nieuwe generatie telescopen – net klaar of…

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