The key characteristic of active matter is the motion of an emergent collection (such as a flock of birds), which is driven by the consumption of energy by its active components (i.e. individual birds).

This thesis consists of three chapters, the first two of which concern division points of elements of the multiplicative group of a number field.

Where and how are critical materials currently used and how can this information be used to develop scenarios about their future demand.

The research programme Cities, Migration and Global Interdependence 1350-2000 (CMGI) focuses on urbanisation, migration, and economic development in a comparative and global context.

Promotores: J.A.van Veen, P.L.G.Klinkhamer. Co-promotor: E.E.Kuramae

Evaluating the environmental consequences of diet changes in the European Union.

BioSolar Cells is a five-year research project in which ten knowledge institutions and 45 private industries work together.

Image-Pro Plus, ImageJ, Cell Profiler, R, Knime en NIS-elements

Development of GHG calculator for bio-electricity and heat.

The focus of this thesis is how stars like our Sun and planets like Jupiter, Saturn, and Earth are formed.

Galaxies form and evolve through close interaction with their surroundings. As a result, the heavy elements ('metals') that are synthesized in stars, are found both inside and outside galaxies.

The explosive radiation and diversification of the advanced snakes (superfamily Colubroidea) was associated with changes in all aspects of the shared venom system. Morphological changes included the partitioning of the mixed ancestral glands into two discrete glands devoted for production of venom ormucous…

Over the past years it has been discovered that the population of extra-solar planets is large and diverse.

Developing methodes to understand the evolution of patches in natural ecosystems

Which traits and/or trade-offs determine benefits of being deciduous or evergreen?

The ReCiPe methodology for Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA).

What is the current relevance of the ethics of counterterrorism and what is the added value of ethics support within the practice of counterterrorism?

Accumulation of metals in economy and environment and its associated risks, within the Netherlands and the EU.

Zeldzame aardmetalen, Rare-earth materialen, zijn goede kandidaten om kwantuminformatie op te slaan, omdat de ongewenste interactie met hun omgeving minimaal is. Aan de andere kant zorgt dit gebrek aan interactie voor een erg lage respons op licht, waardoor data lezen en wegschrijven moeilijk wordt.…

Promotores: Prof.dr. A.G.G.M. Tielens, Prof.dr. L.B.F.M. Waters (UvA), Prof.dr. C. Dominik (UvA)

To address the fundamental questions of how life on Earth emerged and how common life may be in the Universe, it is crucial to know the chemical composition of the planet-forming material.

All life on earth contains DNA, which is used to store biological information. Organisms compact their DNA in order for it to fit inside their cell(s).

Until the 1990s, the only known planets were those in our Solar System. Three decades later, several thousand exoplanets have been discovered orbiting stars other than the Sun, and substantial efforts have been made to explore these strange new worlds through spectroscopic analyses of their atmosphe…

While ecosystems have concrete benefits for human society, these benefits are typically overlooked in decision-making.

Nanomaterialen kunnen veel verder doordringen in onze voedselketen dan tot nu toe werd gedacht. Dat komt doordat de deeltjes in elk organisme in de keten van vorm en grootte blijken te veranderen. Onderzoekers van het Centrum voor Milieuwetenschappen Leiden ontdekten dit bij toeval, toen zij een door…

Lezing

Triplet superconductivity refers to a condensate of equal-spin Cooper pairs (pairs of electrons with equal spin).

Errors are everywhere, and mechanical failures are especially common: buckled grain silos and cracked support columns are, justly, seen as an issue to be avoided.

Promotor: S.J. Edixhoven, L.D.J. Taelman

With the emergence of online social networks (OSNs), the way people create and share information has changed, which becomes faster and broader than traditional social media.

The thesis explores how interstellar chemistry evolves as a function of time and changing physical architectures during the formation of stars.

Promotor: Prof.dr. C.U. Keller, Co-promotor: Frans Snik

This thesis describes the development and validation of new high-contrast imaging techniques, with the ultimate goal of enabling the next generation of instruments for ELT-class telescopes to directly image Earth-like extra-solar planets orbiting around nearby stars.

Freshwater and brackish water ecosystems are arguably the most vulnerable ecosystems on earth, due to concentrated human developments in and around them. The Pontocaspian (PC) region located at the border of Europe and Asia contains a variety of brackish water ecosystems and unique inhabitants, known…

Promotores: Prof.dr. F. van Lunteren, Prof.dr. F.S. Gaastra

The soil ecosystem consists of the largest reservoir of biodiversity on Earth.

The main aim of my Ph.D. thesis is to further explore the value of using early developing zebrafish larvae (up to 5 dpf) as a model to study anxiety-like behaviour and their pharmacological modulation with drugs.

Bacterial biocatalysis constitutes a sustainable alternative for high-value chemicals production by enabling the utilization of renewable feedstocks.

Promotor: Prof.dr. A. Doelman, Co-promotor: V. Rottschäfer

Promotores: R. Cramer, A.K. Lenstra, Co-Promotor: B.M.M. de Weger

Advanced mass spectrometry of glycosphingolipids takes the central stage in this thesis. Investigations focus on characterization of glycosphingolipid metabolism in health and disease with emphasis to the detection and accurate quantitation of known and so far unknown glycosphingolipids and closely…

This thesis considers multi-prover commitment schemes whose security is based on restrictions on the communication between the provers.

Promotor: Prof. dr. Arnold Tukker & Prof. dr. René Kemp (Maastricht University)

Promotores: S.J. Edixhoven, P.Parent

CMLCA is a software tool that supports the technical steps of the Life Cycle Assessment. The focus of the program is on advanced computational aspects of life cycle inventory calculations.

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In this thesis chemical and physical processes in the ice mantles on interstellar dust grains are studied.

This thesis is an experimental study of the UV irradiation of the interstellar ice analogues, relevant for the different stages of the star and planet formation sequence.