30 search results for “nucleosome” in the Public website
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spFRET studies of nucleosome dynamics modulated by histone modifications, histone variants and neighboring nucleosomes
Promotor: Prof.dr. T. Schmidt, Co-Promotor: Dr. ir. S.J.T. van Noort
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How Electrostatic Interactions Drive Nucleosome Binding of RNF168 & PSIP1
The studies presented in the work show the potential of the integrative use of biophysical data in defining the structural basis of protein interactions.
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Nucleosome stacking in chromatin fibers probed with single-molecule force- and torque-spectroscopy
In human cells, a meter-long DNA is condensed inside a micrometer-sized cell nucleus. Simultaneously, the genetic code must remain accessible for its replication and transcription to functional proteins.
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Quantifying nucleosome dynamicsand protein binding with PIE-FCCS and spFRET
PhD defence
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Freedom of additional signals on genes: on the combination of DNA mechanics, genetics and translation speed
DNA carries various forms of information. Out of these forms of information the most well-known is classical genetic information.
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The Role of Linker DNA in Chromatin Fibers
The genetic information of all living organisms is contained in their DNA. Cells modify the degree of DNA compaction by epigenetics, which largely determines what genes are read out and which genes are transcriptionally silent.
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Bending DNA costs less energy than assumed
The way DNA folds, largely determines which genes are read out. John van Noort and his group have quantified how easily rolled-up DNA parts stack. This costs less energy than previously assumed. Publication in Biophysical Journal.
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Computational, biochemical, and NMR-driven structural studies on histone variant H2A.B
Nature uses a special class of histone proteins, histone variants, to modulate the properties of chromatin at defined genomic locations.
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Packaging and accessing DNA molecules
Our DNA molecules are packaged by proteins in compact structures. The aim of this project is to understand how modern gene editing techniques nevertheless get access to their target in the DNA.
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NWO Projectruimte Grant for DNA Flexibility Research
Theoretical physicist Helmut Schiessel receives an NWO Projectruimte grant of 390,000 euro. He will use this budget to hire a postdoc and a PhD student to continue his research on flexibility of double stranded DNA.
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Structural changes in single chromatin fibers induced by tension and torsion
Promotor: Prof.dr. T. Schmidt, Co-promotor: Dr. ir. S. J.T. van Noort
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Unspinning chromatin: molecular mechanisms of chromatin remodeling
How do you fit two meters of DNA in a tiny compartment and at the same time are able to access the right parts of it at the right times?
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Human DNA softer than DNA single-celled life
Single-celled organisms have stiffer DNA than multicellular lifeforms like humans and rice. Theoretical physicists managed to simulate the folding in full genomes for the first time to reach this conclusion. Publication in Biophysical Journal on February 7.
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Second layer of information in DNA confirmed
Leiden theoretical physicists have proven that not only the genetic information in DNA determines who we are, but also DNA’s mechanics. Helmut Schiessel and his group simulated many DNA sequences and found a correlation between mechanical cues and the way DNA is folded. Publication in PLoS One.
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How Electrostatic Interactions Drive Nucleosome Binding of RNF168 & PSIP1
PhD defence
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Participants
The CIGR comprises research groups from the Institute of Biology Leiden (IBL), the Leiden Institute of Chemistry (LIC), the Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR) and the Leiden Institue of Physics (LION).
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Nucleosome stacking in chromatin fibers probed with single-molecule force- and torque-spectroscopy
PhD defence
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Chromatin organization & dynamics (Dr. Remus Dame)
Throughout all domains of life, from bacteria and archaea to eukaryotes, genomes adopt well-organized three-dimensional structures that can change in space and time to accommodate preferred transcriptional programs for environmental adaptation, the maintenance of cellular identity and differentiation…
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DNA folded in compliant helix
In an Advance Online Publication biophysicist John van Noort and others show using magnetic tweezers that DNA is folded in compliant helices of chromatin. This allows enzymes access to the DNA needed for gene expression. Van Noort's research group made the discovery in close partnership with researchers…
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Folded DNA unravelled
Leiden physicist Maarten Kruithof has discovered how our DNA is infallibly able to fold itself and to unfold again. In his dissertation he demonstrates how DNA is folded in a single long, very flexible spiral.
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Can we live longer? Leiden physicist makes discovery in protective layer in genes
With the aid of physics and a minuscule magnet, researchers have discovered a new structure of telomeric DNA. Telomeres are sometimes seen as the key to living longer. They protect genes from damage but get a bit shorter each time a cell divides. If they become too short, the cell dies. The new discovery…
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Publications
Relevant publications of the CIGR participants.
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Chromatin organisation & dynamics
The genomic DNA of every organism is organized and compacted in order to fit inside the cell. This is achieved by the joint action of numerous architectural proteins that aid in folding the genome. Genome folding is tightly interconnected with transcription, with genes in certain regions being silenced,…
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How our single-celled relatives package their DNA
A group of single-celled organisms organises its DNA in a similar way to higher organisms such as plants, animals, and fungi. However, the way packaged DNA is read out differs between the two related groups, Bram Henneman discovered. PhD defence on 5 December.
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Our genome captured in numbers
‘It's where disciplines intersect that the most exciting scientific questions arise.' This was the message given by John van Noort, Professor of Biophysics, in his inaugural lecture. His own research is at the interface between biology and physics. Inaugural lecture 23 April.
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This Week's Discoveries | 3 March 2020
Lecture
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This Week's Discoveries | 29 October 2019
Lecture
- Van Leeuwenhoek Lectures on BioScience
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Theses
Below thesis archives will be moved shortly (work in progress) to the Leiden Repository. Once this is done, theses submitted by MI students (from 2008 onwards) can be accessed via the Repository and will be removed from this site.