982 search results for “dna damage” in the Public website
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Resistance to PARP inhibition by DNA damage response alterations in BRCA1/2-deficient tumors
Inactivating mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes predispose to several types of cancer.
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Knowledge of DNA repair in the fight against tumour cells
What is the most effective way to eliminate tumour cells? The DNA repair mechanism could play an important role in increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy in the fight against cancerous cells. If we are to influence this mechanism, we need fundamental knowledge about how the mechanism works.
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DNA expressions - A formal notation for DNA
Promotores: J.N. Kok, H.J. Hoogeboom
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Role of non-homologous end-joining in T-DNA integration in Arabidopsis thaliana
Promotor: P. J. J. Hooykaas Co-promotor: B. S de Pater
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T-DNA integration and DNA repair of DSBs in plants
Identification and characterization of components of DNA repair pathways and their role in Agrobacterium T-DNA integration and repair of CRISPR/Cas induced DSBs.
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Optical properties of DNA-hosted silver clusters
Promotor: D. Bouwmeester, Co-promotor: D. Kraft
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Trans-kingdom DNA transfer
The type-IV secretion system (T4SS) is a machinery able to transfer DNA and proteins between bacteria and in certain cases also to eukaryotic cells.
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Packaging and accessing DNA molecules
Our DNA molecules are packaged by proteins in compact structures. The aim of this project is to understand how modern gene editing techniques nevertheless get access to their target in the DNA.
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Current challenges in statistical DNA evidence evaluation
Promotor: R.D. Gill, F. Taroni
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Vera Elizabeth Allen - Damaged Images, Images of Damage: Framing Iconoclasm in Old Kingdom Tombs
THURSDAY, 19 JANUARY 2023 FROM 18:00-19:00 UTC+02
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The Role of Linker DNA in Chromatin Fibers
The genetic information of all living organisms is contained in their DNA. Cells modify the degree of DNA compaction by epigenetics, which largely determines what genes are read out and which genes are transcriptionally silent.
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Histone-DNA assemblies in archaea. Shaping the genome on the edge of life
All life on earth contains DNA, which is used to store biological information. Organisms compact their DNA in order for it to fit inside their cell(s).
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Cells with stress: predicting drug-induced liver and kidney damage
How can we prevent drug-induced liver and kidney damage? PhD candidates Marije Niemeijer and Lukas Wijaya investigated what happens in the cells during the onset of this damage: a stress response. Both focused on a different subtopic and made some interesting discoveries.
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Civil Liability for Damage caused by Global Navigation Satellite System
On 17 December 2018, Dejian Kong defended his thesis 'Civil Liability for Damage caused by Global Navigation Satellite System'. The doctoral research was supervised by Prof. dr. P.M.J. Mendes de Leon.
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Dynamic organization of bacterial chromatin by DNA bridging proteins
Bacteria often experience external challenges, such as changes in environmental conditions or attacks by bacteriophages.
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Characterization of DNA-replication proteins and their molecular mechanisms
PhD defence
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Freedom of additional signals on genes: on the combination of DNA mechanics, genetics and translation speed
DNA carries various forms of information. Out of these forms of information the most well-known is classical genetic information.
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Folded DNA unravelled
Leiden physicist Maarten Kruithof has discovered how our DNA is infallibly able to fold itself and to unfold again. In his dissertation he demonstrates how DNA is folded in a single long, very flexible spiral.
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Mathematical modeling of cellular stress pathways for mechanistic understanding of chemical-induced liver injury
Cellular stress response pathways are activated upon exposure to chemicals and help organisms deal with various molecular dangers (e.g. oxidative stress). When these pathways become hyper-activated an adverse response takes place and cells die, which may lead to organism-level toxicity such as drug-induced…
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Chemical Biology Lecture: PARP activation upon DNA damage induces chromatin dynamics
Lecture
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Human DNA softer than DNA single-celled life
Single-celled organisms have stiffer DNA than multicellular lifeforms like humans and rice. Theoretical physicists managed to simulate the folding in full genomes for the first time to reach this conclusion. Publication in Biophysical Journal on February 7.
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TARGETBIO: Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Engineered DNA from Transgenic Biosystems in Nature
This project aims to assess the risk of spread of antimicrobial resistance genes in the environment derived from currently used synthetic biology approaches in the field of drug discovery.
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Non-invasive DNA-labeling tool opens doors for new research
Dutch researchers have developed a new tool to label DNA for studying chromosomes in live cells. The tool is non-invasive and can be applied in culture but also in living organisms, such as zebrafish embryos. The team published their findings in the journal Nucleic Acids Research.
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role for SUMOylation in Proteostasis, Centromer Integrity and the DNA Damage Response
PhD defence
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Regulation of DNA damage and immune response pathways by post-translational protein modification
PhD defence
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Resistance to PARP inhibition by DNA damage response alterations in BRCA1/2-deficient tumors
PhD defence
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Identification and characterization of novel factors in the DNA damage response
PhD defence
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DNA folded in compliant helix
In an Advance Online Publication biophysicist John van Noort and others show using magnetic tweezers that DNA is folded in compliant helices of chromatin. This allows enzymes access to the DNA needed for gene expression. Van Noort's research group made the discovery in close partnership with researchers…
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NWO Projectruimte Grant for DNA Flexibility Research
Theoretical physicist Helmut Schiessel receives an NWO Projectruimte grant of 390,000 euro. He will use this budget to hire a postdoc and a PhD student to continue his research on flexibility of double stranded DNA.
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Development of Cost efficient Advanced DNA-based methods for specific Traceability issues and High Level On-site applications
Schneider
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High throughput microscopy of mechanism-based reporters in druginduced liver injury
Promotor: B. van de Water
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Research
An overview of the research at the Cancer Dug Target Discovery group.
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The mechanical genome : inquiries into the mechanical function of genetic information
The four possible segments A, T, C and G that link together to form DNA molecules, and with their ordering encode genetic information, are not only different in name, but also in their physical and chemical properties.
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Youthful DNA in old age
The DNA of young people is regulated to express the right genes at the right time. With the passing of years, the regulation of the DNA gradually gets disrupted, which is an important cause of ageing. A study of over 3,000 people shows that this is not true for everyone: there are people whose DNA appears…
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Co-benefits & Co-damages of environmental policies related to climate change and long-range transboundary air pollution
Using the principles of Industrial Ecology in Environmental Policy making in two cases: transition to a hydrogen economy and chlorinated compounds.
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Tapping new markets for rapid DNA unraveller
Researching DNA material for genetic disorders using the most powerful apparatus. This is what GenomeScan, a company on the Leiden Bio Science Park, does. Master's student Konstantina Konstantinopoulou is doing an internship there. 'It's a world where developments happen really rapidly so it's a fantastic…
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Inflammafish: Cross-talk between inflammation and autophagy in tuberculosis
Effective host defence against tuberculosis bacteria depends on a properly balanced level of inflammation. The Inflammafish project uses zebrafish larvae to study how autophagy controls this inflammation and vice versa.
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Synthetic Methodology Towards ADP-Ribosylation Related Molecular Tools
Phosphorylation affects all four major biomolecules – proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids – and plays a pivotal role in the most fundamental cellular functions.
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Key publications
Key publications of the Cancer Drug Target Discovery group
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DNAmarkerpoint
The main purpose of DNAmarkerpoint is to better understand the ecology, evolution and biodiversity through the study of ancient- and modern DNA.
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DNA dating at Lowlands
Why do opposites attract? According to Karin van der Tuin, researcher at Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), it could be because of your DNA. The more you differ from one another, the better. She will be testing her ideas at the Lowlands festival Lowlands, where she will subject visitors to DNA…
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Supramolecular polymer materials for biomedical applications and diagnostics
Self-assembly is an abundant process in nature and is vital to many processes in living organisms.
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Graphene sensors detect HIV DNA
Leiden and Jülich researchers discovered an elegant and simple approach to improve the sensitivity of graphene biosensors. These so-called ‘next generation graphene electronic biochemical sensor devices’ are able to detect very low amounts of HIV DNA thanks to their very low electronic noise.
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Beilun Zhao
Science
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Ethical guidelines to better regulate DNA research on human remains
Rapid developments in DNA techniques allow researchers to find out more and more about human genetics. An international group of scientists has drawn up five ethical guidelines to ensure that this DNA research is better regulated. Leiden archaeologist Marie Soressi – one of the signatories - explains…
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Second layer of information in DNA confirmed
Leiden theoretical physicists have proven that not only the genetic information in DNA determines who we are, but also DNA’s mechanics. Helmut Schiessel and his group simulated many DNA sequences and found a correlation between mechanical cues and the way DNA is folded. Publication in PLoS One.
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From molecules to monitoring: Integrating genetic tools into freshwater quality assessments
Freshwater is an important resource, but at a great risk of species decline due to habitat loss, pollution and over-exploitation, and invasive alien species.
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Bending DNA costs less energy than assumed
The way DNA folds, largely determines which genes are read out. John van Noort and his group have quantified how easily rolled-up DNA parts stack. This costs less energy than previously assumed. Publication in Biophysical Journal.
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Which DNA is floating in the ditch?
You pour a scoop of ditch water in the DNA scanner, and voilà: you know exactly which plants and animals the ditch accommodates. Well, it is not that simple yet, but according to PhD candidate Kevin Beentjes, we can already use DNA techniques to monitor the quality of freshwater. For his PhD research,…
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DNA as a supramolecular building block
PhD student Willem Noteborn has investigated supramolecular structures. These can be useful for the loading of medicines and signalling molecules regarding, for example, cellular differentiation. In his thesis, he describes the functioning of these structures.